A noun may name a person, place, animal, thing or idea. Many plurals add s, while nouns ending in sounds represented by s, sh, ch or x commonly add es: buses, brushes, churches and boxes. Some nouns change differently: child becomes children, foot becomes feet and tooth becomes teeth. Learn the whole correct plural rather than adding s automatically. ‘There are two children beside the boxes’ combines an irregular plural with a regular es plural. The verb are matches the plural meaning.
Check whether the sentence refers to one or several things. Write the correct noun form, then check words that depend on number, such as this/these and is/are. Read the complete phrase aloud. New plural spelling rules should be learned progressively with the school’s current sequence rather than treating every exception as a test at once.
වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.
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Precise vocabulary helps a reader know exactly what is meant.
A young cat is a kitten, a young dog is a puppy and a young elephant is a calf.
Some animal words also distinguish an adult male or female, but many everyday descriptions can use the general animal name.
See it. Say it. Understand it.
Easy / Start here
A cat and her kitten.
Moderate / Add a little
A duck and its duckling.
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Precise vocabulary helps a reader know exactly what is meant. A young cat is a kitten, a young dog is a puppy and a young elephant is a calf. Some animal words also distinguish an adult male or female, but many everyday descriptions can use the general animal name. Learn useful terms in meaningful sentences rather than disconnected long lists. ‘The elephant and her calf stood near the water’ gives a more precise picture than ‘two animals’. The word calf can describe the young of several larger animals, so the surrounding sentence identifies which one.
Choose a small group of familiar animals, connect each adult with its young and describe a true, simple action. Check a learner’s dictionary for an unfamiliar term rather than assuming all young animals are called cubs. Respect wildlife and use pictures or observation from a safe distance. Vocabulary learning should not involve approaching unknown animals.
වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.
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A poem can create a picture, a sound or a feeling through carefully chosen words.
A line is one row of a poem, and a stanza is a group of lines.
Rhyme is a similarity of ending sounds, not simply spelling.
See it. Say it. Understand it.
Easy / Start here
A line is not the same as a stanza.
Moderate / Add a little
As soft as cotton is a simile.
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A poem can create a picture, a sound or a feeling through carefully chosen words. A line is one row of a poem, and a stanza is a group of lines. Rhyme is a similarity of ending sounds, not simply spelling. A simile compares using like or as, while a metaphor makes a direct imaginative comparison. Original example: ‘A silver thread across the ground, / The stream slips by without a sound.’ Silver thread is an imaginative description of the stream, not a claim that the water is made of thread.
Read the poem once for its overall picture, then look at particular words. Explain what an image helps you imagine and support your idea with a short reference. Notice the difference between the literal scene and the imaginative language. A response should say more than ‘It is beautiful’; explain which word creates the effect.
වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.
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