Colours, numbers and shapes

A colour word can help us choose the right thing. ‘Red’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’, ‘green’, ‘black’ and ‘white’ describe common colours. Start with two clearly different colours, then add another when the child is comfortable. An adult can point and say ‘a red flower’ or ‘a blue bag’, showing that the colour word comes before the object name.

Listening does not need to become a race. ‘Show me something green’ gives the child time to look and decide. Some learners see colours differently; use named colour cards or allow another clear feature to support participation. Do not assume one colour belongs to a particular gender. A short description such as ‘It is blue’ is enough at first, with longer phrases developing through repeated friendly use.

වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්‍ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.

Counting tells us how many things there are. Touch or point to each object once while saying ‘one, two, three’. The final number names the total. Saying a number list from memory is useful, but matching one word to one object shows understanding. Begin with small groups and gradually count to ten, or further when the child is ready.

Use buttons, blocks or drawn dots that are safe for the child’s age. Move each counted item into a second group so it is not counted twice. ‘How many?’ invites a number answer. An adult can model ‘Three pencils’ or ‘There are three pencils’ without demanding the longer sentence immediately. Include zero as ‘none’ in a familiar situation, such as an empty plate, rather than treating it as a mystery word.

වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්‍ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.

A circle has a round edge. A triangle has three sides, and a square has four equal sides. We can find these shapes in pictures and everyday objects, but real objects may only look similar: a plate looks like a circle when viewed from above. Shape language helps a child notice and describe what they see.

Combine two familiar ideas gradually. ‘A red circle’ adds colour to a shape; ‘a big blue circle’ adds size. Model one phrase, then let the child choose a different colour or size. There is no need to teach a long adjective-order rule. A child can sort objects by one feature, explain the choice orally and then sort them another way. Drawing is optional; pointing to a shape is equally useful evidence of understanding.

වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්‍ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.