A text's purpose is what it aims to achieve, while its audience is who it addresses.
A notice may instruct visitors; a review may evaluate a product; an advertisement may persuade customers.
Several purposes can coexist, so explain which seems dominant and support the choice with wording or structure.
See it. Say it. Understand it.
Easy / Start here
Please keep the gate closed: an instruction for users of the gate.
Moderate / Add a little
A beginners’ guide explains terms that an expert report can assume.
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A text's purpose is what it aims to achieve, while its audience is who it addresses. A notice may instruct visitors; a review may evaluate a product; an advertisement may persuade customers. Several purposes can coexist, so explain which seems dominant and support the choice with wording or structure. Audience affects what a writer explains, assumes, and emphasises. A technical term might be helpful for specialists but confusing for beginners. Avoid the empty claim that a text is for everyone when its specific details suggest a more precise readership.
A useful reading response moves from a clear claim to a precise piece of evidence and then to an explanation. Return to the exact part of the text before deciding. Short evidence is usually easier to analyse than a long copied passage. Keep the wording of the question in mind so that an accurate observation also becomes a relevant answer.
At Stage 8, consider how context, viewpoint, and organisation shape a reader's response. Move beyond identifying a feature to explaining why it matters at that point in a text. In a draft, compare two possible choices and select the clearer or more effective one. Reasoned interpretation and accurate expression should develop together.
වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.
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A simile explicitly compares, often using like or as; a metaphor presents one thing as another. 'The road was a silver ribbon' suggests a long, narrow, shining shape rather than literal cloth.
Begin with the meaning of the chosen word or image, then explain its associations in the particular scene.
See it. Say it. Understand it.
Easy / Start here
The road was a silver ribbon.
Moderate / Add a little
The wind whispered through the palms.
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Imagery makes a reader imagine an experience. A simile explicitly compares, often using like or as; a metaphor presents one thing as another. 'The road was a silver ribbon' suggests a long, narrow, shining shape rather than literal cloth. Begin with the meaning of the chosen word or image, then explain its associations in the particular scene. Naming a technique alone does not explain its effect. Avoid assuming that every image makes the reader want to read on; describe the specific impression it creates.
A useful reading response moves from a clear claim to a precise piece of evidence and then to an explanation. Return to the exact part of the text before deciding. Short evidence is usually easier to analyse than a long copied passage. Keep the wording of the question in mind so that an accurate observation also becomes a relevant answer.
At Stage 8, consider how context, viewpoint, and organisation shape a reader's response. Move beyond identifying a feature to explaining why it matters at that point in a text. In a draft, compare two possible choices and select the clearer or more effective one. Reasoned interpretation and accurate expression should develop together.
වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.
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A writer may sound amused, worried, admiring, resentful, or uncertain.
Word choice, sentence patterns, punctuation, and what is left unsaid can all contribute.
See it. Say it. Understand it.
Easy / Start here
Another wonderful delay! may sound ironic in a frustrated account.
Moderate / Add a little
Perhaps suggests less certainty than undoubtedly.
More detail for teachers and confident learners
Tone is the voice or attitude conveyed by a text. A writer may sound amused, worried, admiring, resentful, or uncertain. Word choice, sentence patterns, punctuation, and what is left unsaid can all contribute. Identify a precise tone rather than simply positive or negative, then support it with a short quotation or paraphrased detail. Tone may change as a text develops. Irony complicates interpretation because the literal words can differ from the intended attitude; the context must make that interpretation reasonable.
A useful reading response moves from a clear claim to a precise piece of evidence and then to an explanation. Return to the exact part of the text before deciding. Short evidence is usually easier to analyse than a long copied passage. Keep the wording of the question in mind so that an accurate observation also becomes a relevant answer.
At Stage 8, consider how context, viewpoint, and organisation shape a reader's response. Move beyond identifying a feature to explaining why it matters at that point in a text. In a draft, compare two possible choices and select the clearer or more effective one. Reasoned interpretation and accurate expression should develop together.
වැඩි විස්තර අවශ්ය විට පමණක් මෙම කොටස කියවන්න.
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